PAST / PRESENT The distinction between past and present en psychology. The distinction between past and present in light of linguistics. The distinction between past and present in primitive thougth. General reflections on the distinction between past and present in historical consciousness. The evolution of the relation between past and present en European thought from ancient Greece to the nineteenth century. The ghost of past, the history of the present, and the fascination with the future in the twentieth century. ANTIQUE ( ANCIENT) / MODERN. An ambiguos Western pairing. In this pair the moder is the main problem. The ambiguity of the antique (ancient): Greco - Roman antiquity and other anqtiquities. The Moder and its competitors: Modern and New, Modern and Progress. Antique (ancient) / modern and history: Quarrels between Ancients and Modern in preindustrial Erope from the sixth to Eigteenth centuries. Antique ( ancient) modern and history: Modernism, dodernization , modernity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Domains than reveal modernism. The historical conditions of the recognition of modernism. The ambiguity of the moder. MEMORY Enhnic memory. The Rise of Momory: Form Orality to Writing, form Prehistory to Antiquity. Memory en the Middle Ages: Western Europe. The Progress of Written and Figured Memory from the Renaissance to the Present. Contemporary Revolutions in Memory- Conclusion: The Stake of Memory. HISTORY. Paradoxes and ambiguities of History. The Historical Mentality: Men and the Past. Philosophies of History.
